ABSTRACT
Objective@#To investigate the effects of endurance running at different intensities on self-control of sedentary university students, and to reveal the immediate and sustained effects of exercise on cognitive control.@*Methods@#Ninety students with sedentary behaviors from 7 universities in a university city in Shandong Province were selected by cluster stratified random sampling. 21, 23, 21 and 25 students in the high, medium and low intensity groups and the blank control group completed the 30min endurance running exercise, combined with the willingness of the subjects. The Stroop test was conducted immediately after exercise, 5, 15 and 30 min after exercise, and the correct rate and response time of the Stroop test were used as two indicators of self-control.@*Results@#In the immediate post-exercise period, the correct response time for the control group ( 774.03 ±127.85)ms], the high-intensity group [(745.37±109.59)ms], the moderate-intensity group [(627.90±129.18)ms] and the low-intensity group [(689.90±129.79)ms] were statistically significant ( F =6.27, P <0.05). The correct rate for the control group [(94.40±2.02)%], the low-intensity group [(95.38±1.96)%], the high-intensity group [(92.43±2.32)%] and the moderate-intensity group [(96.39±1.08)%] were statistically significant ( F =14.87, P <0.05). High-intensity endurance running exercise was able to achieve the best performance at 30 min and beyond on the Stroop test response and correctness ( P <0.05), while moderate-intensity endurance running had a better effect on improving self-control than low-intensity endurance running at 30 min post-exercise.@*Conclusion@#High and moderate-intensity endurance running exercises can effectively improve self-control in sedentary university students. It is recommended that moderate or high intensity endurance running be performed as the body can tolerate it to improve self-control and cognitive ability.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the protective effects and mechanism of total glucosides of paeony (TGP) on the injury of neonatal rat cadiocytes induced by H2O2. Methods Cadiocytes of 3 days neonate rat was cultivated for 72 hours and divided into the model group, the TGP low (30μg/ml), medium (60 μg/ml), high (120 μg/ml) dose groups, Shuxuening injection (100 μg/ml) group and normal control group (n=8);and except the normal control group, the cells in other groups were induced by H2O2 (100μg/ml). After 6 hours, the morphology changes were observed and the survival rates were detected;the content of AST, CPK, LDH in culture medium were detected; the activity of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and the content of MDA in cardiomyocytes were determinted;the apoptosis rates were detected. Results Compared with the model group, the survival rates of cardiomyocytes in TGP medium and high dose groups significantly improved (64.1%± 7.3%, 81.3%± 7.8%vs. 42.3%± 6.2%;P<0.05 or P<0.01);the content of AST (26.72 ± 6.03 U/ml, 23.86 ± 5.38 U/ml vs. 34.75 ± 6.91 U/ml), CPK (1.96 ± 0.35 U/ml, 1.59 ± 0.32 U/ml vs. 2.54 ± 0.40 U/ml), LDH (811.55 ± 162.32 U/L, 683.48 ± 134.14 U/L vs. 936.07 ± 140.94 U/L) in culture medium were significantly decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01);the activity of SOD (85.34 ± 16.87 U/mg , 94.62 ± 17.75 U/mg vs. 56.45 ± 13.76 U/mg), CAT (22.76 ± 3.38 U/mg, 26.49 ± 3.72 U/mg vs. 16.13 ± 3.18 U/mg) in cardiomyocytes were significantly increased and the content of MDA (8.74 ± 2.05 nmol/mg, 6.91 ± 1.80 nmol/mg vs. 11.56 ± 2.19 nmol/mg) were significantly decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the apoptosis rate (24.2% ± 5.5%, 13.4% ± 3.9% vs. 51.2% ± 9.1%) were significantly decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01);and the activity of GSH-Px (3.54 ± 0.83 U/mg vs. 2.50 ± 0.67 U/mg) in cardiomyocytes of TGP high dose treatment group was significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion TGP had dose-dependent protective effects on the injury of neonatal rat cadiocytes induced by H2O2, which perhaps related to its effects of improving the activity of antioxidase, inhibiting the oxidative stress, and decreasing the apoptosis rates.